Front National de Liberation de l'Angola, FNLA
Angola political party headed by Holden Roberto. Party history, press communiques, issues of their bulletin, statements by President Roberto. Site based in Paris. http://www.fnla.org/

Front National de Liberation de l'Angola, FNLA
In Portuguese, French, English. President Lucas Benghy Ngonda is challenging party founder Holden Roberto for the party Presidency. Press communiques, party history, party hymn, issues of their newsletter, Liberdade e Terra. Based in Luanda, Angola and Gron, Paris. [KF] http://www.fnla-angola.org/

Partido Liberal Democrático (PLD)
In Portuguese. Political party whose President is Anália de Victória Pereira. http://www2.ebonet.net/pld/

Partido Republicano de Angola (PREA), Republican Party of Angola - Massachusetts. USA
The founder and President is Dr. Carlos Contreiras. "The Republican Party of Angola- (Partido Republicano de Angola-PREA) is a voluntary political, nonprofit organization formed in March 14 1988, and founded in August 1994 in the United States of America (USA). PREA party is the third Angola’s largest political party;..." Web site based in Brockton, Massachusetts.
Email: drcontreiras@yahoo.com
http://www.geocities.com/WallStreet/Bureau/6011

Tribunal Kwanza Online
In Portuguese and English. Independent newspaper of the Republican Party of Angola (Partido Republicano de Angola. http://www.geocities.com/tribunalkwanzaol/index.htm
Email: tribunalkwanzaol@yahoo.com

Organização Republicana da Juventude Angolana-O.R.J.A. Angolan Republican Youth
In Portuguese and English. The Angolan Republican Youth organization is affiliated with the Republican Party of Angola (PREA). It is opposed to the present Angolan government. http://www.geocities.com/orja_angola/index.htm Email: orja_angola@yahoo.com

Kwacha UNITA Press
Site has closed. The Federation of American Scientists has online their 1997-1999 newsletters. Was by UNITA journalists in Bailundo, Angola. Had an e-mail address to contact them as well as the French office in Paris. Had issues of their newsletter (in French, English, and Portuguese. [KF] http://www.kwacha.com/

União Democrática National De Angola / National Democratic Union of Angola (UDNA)
In English and Portuguese."Founded in the late 80's from UDA (Association of Angolan Democrats), an Angolan underground movement, formed and operating from London by an exiled politician during the era of one-party Marxists state in Angola. It became a full-fledge political party after being recognised by Supreme Court of the country in 1994." http://www.democratafrica.org/angola/udna.html

União Nacional para a Independência Total de Angola (UNITA)
Site has closed. In Portuguese. Party opposing the Angolan government, led by President Jonas Savimbi (killed by the Angolan army February 2002). Party manifesto and program, party documents. http://www.unita.org/

Demain, UNITA. - Association Franco-Africaine pour la Renaissance et la Démocratie
Site closed. Had UNITA communiques, articles, extracts from Jonas Savimbi's book, "Combats pour l'Afrique et la démocratie," photographs, etc. http://www.afard-unita.asso.fr/

BENIN

Election, Presidential 2001
H2.Com - 2001 Presidential Election
In French. From the Benin internet service provider, H2.Com. http://www.h2com.com/electionbenin/

Verts du Benin, Parti Ecologiste du Bénin
In French, some English. Green Party of Benin, founded by Toussaint Hinvi. Is in a political alliance with l'Union pour la Démocratie et la Solidarité Nationale (UDS). Commentary on the March 2003 election, party activities. Based in Beligum. [KF] http://www.lesvertsdubenin.be.tf/ or http://www.ecolo.be/eghezee/benin/index.htm

BOTSWANA

Botswana Election 1999
Official government site. Detailed results by constituency, polling district. http://www.gov.bw/elections/

BURKINA FASO

Burkina Faso. Commission Electorale Nationale Indépendante
In French. Official site. Has the Résultats provisoires des élections législatives 2002, the Burkina Faso Constitution, the Electoral Code, a directory of political parties participating in the May 2002 legislative elections (with the party logo), news articles. [KF] http://www.ceni.bf/

Congrès pour la Démocratie et le Progrès (CDP)
In French. Burkina Faso political party formed February 1996. "Crée le 06 Février 1996, Le Congrès pour la Démocratie et le Progrès (C.D.P.) est un Parti social démocrate né de la fusion de 13 partis et formations politiques. Vous trouverez sur ce site de plus amples informations." Has full text reports (in Word) which need to be downloaded. [KF] http://www.cdp-burkina.org/

Rassemblement des Ecologiste du Burkina Faso, RDEB
In French. Green Party in Burkina Faso. Created Jan. 2003. Has Ecolo Magazine. Based in Ouagadougou. [KF] http://www.ecolomagazine.bf/contacts.htm

Union Nationale pour la Démocratie et le Développement
In French and English. Burkina Faso opposition party. Hermann Yaméogo, son of former Burkina Faso President Maurice Yaméogo, is party president. Party news, history, manifesto, statutes, internal regulations, photographs, and articles. Biography and autobiography of Hermann Yaméogo. Web site based in New York City. [CA KF] http://www.undd.org

BURUNDI

Conseil National pour la Défense de la Démocratie - Forces pour la Défense de la Démocratie (CNDD-FDD)
In French. "un mouvement politico-militaire créé le 24 septembre 1994, en réaction au refus répété de changements démocratiques par l’oligarchie militaro-civile au pouvoir depuis 1965." Exile group opposed to the Burundi government, based in Bruxelles, Belgium. Members are mainly from the Hutu majority population. The group did not participate in the 2000 peace accord. The CNDD's armed wing is the FDD. Has historical background, press releases, policy documents. http://www.cndd-fdd.org

Front pour la Démocratie au Burundi - SAHWANYA-FRODEBU
In French. Hutu political party. Jean Minani is party president. Believes that "...seule une démarche démocratique peut réellement sortir le Burundi du marasme politique, social et économique dans lequel il se trouve...". Editorials, news, interviews, party statutes, declarations, and biography of Jean Minani. Web site based in Burundi. [CA] http://www.frodebu.bi

Unité pour le Progrès National - UPRONA
In French. Opposition Tutsi party founded by Prince Louis Rwagasore. Jean Baptiste Manwangari is president a.i. News, editorials, statutes, communiques, party structure, photographs. Web site based in Bujumbura,
Burundi. [CA KF] http://www.partiuprona.org/

CAMEROUN

Rassemblement Démocratique du Peuple Camerounais / Cameroon People's Democratic Movement, RDPC
Political party whose national President is Paul Biya, President of Cameroun. Includes speeches, ICT / NTIC and the party, the party newsletter, l'Action, etc. Based in Yaoundé. [KF] http://www.rdpcpdm.cm/

Social Democratic Front (Bamenda)
In English and French. Main opposition party, formed in 1990. Its leader is Ni John Fru Ndi. Discussion forum, party manifesto, policy documents, who's who, communiques, the SDF in Parliament, etc. http://www.sdfparty.org/

Southern Cameroon Youth League, SCYL
Organization opposed to the present government of Cameroon. "The SCYL is not a Political Party. It is not a Njangi Group or a tribal or regional group of Southern Cameroonians. It is a Non-Profit Political Freedom Fighting Organisation, open not just for Southern Cameroonians alone but for all who cherish freedom and supports the Southern Cameroons Total Independence Drive." http://www.scylforfreedom.org

CAPE VERDE

Movimento para a Democracia - MpD (Movement for Democracy)
In Portuguese. Political party created in 1990. Party statutes, political program, party documents, press releases, etc. Based in Praia, Cape Verde. [KF] http://www.mpd.cv

Partido Africano da Independência de Cabo Verde, PAICV
In Portuguese and English. Political party. News, statements, press releases, articles from Simentera, Boletim Informativo do Sector do Tarrafal do PAICV, party officials and members, poetry, etc. [KF] http://www.paicv.org/

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

Forum Démocratique pour la Modernité, Democratic Forum for Modernity
In French. Opposition political party formed in 1997. Its President and founder is Charles Massi, a former Minister of Mines and of Agriculture under Ange Patasse. Has a discussion group whose web site includes relevant documents. http://membres.lycos.fr/fodem/principalef2.htm

Mouvement pour la Démocratie, l’Indépendance et le Progrès Social (MDI-PS) - MDI Centrafrique
In French. Site for the political party, Mouvement pour la Démocratie, l’Indépendance et le Progrès Social (MDI-PS). Maintained by the Representation du MDI-PS en France. http://www.chez.com/mdicentrafrique/

CHAD

[Front National du Tchad Rénové FNTR] Alwihda Actualite
In French. Online publication of the opposition party, Le Front National du Tchad Renové. The FNTR "publie un bulletin mensuel d'information billingue (arabe-français) dénommé "ALWIHDA" qui est distribué gratuitement grâce au soutien de ses membres. Il intervient auprès de pays pour aider les exilés et réfugiés politiques tchadiens à régulariser leurs situations." Has national and international news, interviews, press releases, tourism information, FNTR and Front Uni pour la Démocratie et la Paix - FUDP documents and information pages, and copies of the agreements creating FUDP and the CMPA Coordination des Mouvements Armés et Partis politiques de l'opposition. Web site based in France. [CA] http://www.alwihdainfo.com/

Front Uni pour le Changement, FUC
In French. Rebel organization in Chad opposed to the government of Idriss Deby. http://fuc.blogspirit.com/

Mouvement Patriotique du Salut - MPS
In French. Ruling party. Has articles, editorials, a copy of the constitution, audio files of the national anthem, parliamentary activities, and party structure. Lists party members by parliamentary committee. Biographies and photographs of some party members. Web site based in Canada. [CA] http://www.tchad-gpmps.org/

Parti Libéral du Tchad (PLT) - Chad Liberal Party
In French. "Le Parti Libéral du Tchad (PLT) présidé par Mika Lelita Yondoloum est un mouvement politique tchadien démocratique d'orientation libérale et partisan de la non violence. Sa mission essentielle est de constituer le Tchad en une république souveraine, laïque, démocratique de type parlementaire et pluraliste, de construire une société moderne juste et plus humaine et de favoriser le développement économique, social et culturel..." http://www.pltchad.com/

La Voix du Peuple
In French. Mensuel d'informations politiques. Political news, political commentary, a readers' poll. From the Mouvement pour la Democratie et le developpement, MDD. Is opposed to the present Chad government. Based in Reims, France. http://www.mdd-tchad.com/

COMOROS

Djawabu - Parti Djawabu Ya Komori
In French. Political party. Youssouf Said, founder and president. "...Djawabu Ya Komori est un parti politique comorien de Gauche, progressiste et démocratique" based on Ali Soilihi's ideas. Party history, political history of the Comoros since 1975, editorials, declarations, interviews and Youssof Said's biography. DjawabuYa Komori’s evaluation of the conditions in the Comoran islands and the performance of executives in charge there. Web site based in France. [CA] http://www.djawabu.org/

Parti Republicain des Comores
A Comoro political party formed in 1998. Its President is Mohamed Saïd Abdallah MCHANGAMA. Includes links to sites on the Comoros, the cost of living and taxi fares. http://www.chez.com/prc/

CONGO (Brazzaville)

Cercle des Démocrates et Républicains du Congo-Brazzaville - C.D.R.C.
In French and English. Opposition Movement. Modeste Boukadia, president is also president of the "Rassemblement pour le Changement, Force Novatrice - Rally for Change, Innovative Force.” CDRC, founded in 1992, believes in "... le respect de la République et de la démocratie." Statutes, news, press releases, political and economic objectives, plans, and solutions. A letter from Modeste Boukadia, to the Congolese people, justifying his presidential candidacy. Web site based in Paris, France. [CA] http://www.idcongo.com/cdrc/

CICOP - Collectif d'intellectuels congolais originaires du Pool. Diaspora Congolaise du Pool
In French. Its President is Professeur Jean-Pierre MAKOUTA-MBOUKOU. Has petitions, press releases, articles. Is opposed to the government of Sassou Nguesso. Based in France. http://perso.club-internet.fr/cicop/

Congo Resistance
Site of the Conseil National de la Résistance (CNR) based in France. Its President is Révérend Pasteur Ntumi. Is opposed to the government of Denis Sassou Nguesso. Has press releases, documents, etc. Site affiliated with Jean-Claude Mayima-Mbemba and the Convention Republicaine des Democrates Congolais (CRED-CONGO). [KF] http://www.congo-resistance.org

Mouvement Congolais pour la Démocratie et le Développement Intégral, MCDDI
In French. Parti d'opposition, dont le Président-Fondateur est M. Bernard Kolélas, ancien Député-Maire élu de Brazzaville, ancien Premier ministre. Speeches, press releases from the l'opposition congolaise en exil. http://www.mcddi.org/

Transparence, Bulletin Europeen d'information sur le Congo-Brazzaville
"TRANSPARENCE est le produit d'une volonté de faire changer les choses au Congo." Contains messages about the political situation in the Congo posted to a discussion list on Africa (in French), a petition by Congolese intellectuals abroad, statements by Bernard Kolelas, President of the Alliance URD-FDU (opposition party), information on the Universite Libre du Congo, freedom of the press, the Feb. 1997 memo from the Opposition on the presidential election, etc. Jean-Claude Mayima-Mbemba is the Directeur de la Publication and representative of the Alliance URD-FDU to the European Union. http://www.multimania.com/jecmaus/congo.html

Voix Humaine
Concerns the political situation in the Congo. Is opposed to President Denis Sassou Nguesso. Based in Diemeringen, France. http://perso.club-internet.fr/voxhumana

CONGO (Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kinshasa)

Alliance Republicain Congo, ARC-Congo
"created in December 2000 as an organization to help promote republican values." "Our mission is to build a free market society in the Congo." Its President is Voka Mankenda. Has the ARC Manifesto. [KF] http://www.arc-congo.com/congo

Congo-mai-mai.net
In French. "Les Maï -Maï sont des forces vives résistantes dont le mouvement a débuté essentiellement à l' Est de la RDC vers les années 1990 à la suite du conflit de terre créé par les réfugiés rwandais dans les territoires de Masisi et Walikale, province du Nord-Kivu." Press communiques, news, has an email list. http://www.congo-mai-mai.net/

Democratie Chretienne, D.C.
In French. D.C.'s President is Eugène Diomi Ndongala Nzomambu, also Ministre des Mines du Gouvernement de Transition and "President of the Front pour la Survie de la Démocratie (FSD), une plateforme regroupant des partis alliés..." Party history, documents, photographs, discussion forum. [KF] http://www.democratie-chretienne.ht.st or http://www.geocities.com/fsddc/01bis.html

Mouvement de Libération du Congo
Its President is Jean-Pierre Gombo Bemba. Bemba was a Presidential candidate in the July 2006 election and vice-president in charge of finance in the transitional government. The party's base is in Equateur Province, northwestern Congo. The mouvement was backed by Uganda during the civil war. See also UN-IRIN profile and Canada's Immigration & Refugee Board 2004 profile. http://www.mlc-congo.net/

Parti National Congolais / Congolese National Party
In French and English. Party background, statements. http://www.partinationalcongolais.org

Parti du Peuple pour la Reconstruction et la Démocratie , PPRD
In French. Party created March 31, 2002, supports President Joseph Kabila. Includes photographs of President Kabila, audio of his visit to the Belgian Senate (requires sound card/speakers or headset). [KF] http://www.pprd.com/

Rassemblement Congolais pour la Démocratie (RCD-Goma)
In French. Organization which opposed the Kabila government. Its President is Azarias Ruberwa, who replaced Dr Adolphe Onusumba Yemba. Has the manifesto, leaders, press releases. Formerly RCD-Goma. http://www.rcd-congo.info/

Rassemblement Congolais pour la Democratie - Mouvement de Libération / Rally for Congolese Democracy-Kisangani
The official site of the organization, headed by Prof. Ernest Wamba dia Wamba, behind the rebellion of August 1998 against the Kabila government. Has position papers, statements, interviews, biography of Prof. Wamba dia Wamba, a discussion forum, etc. http://www.congorcd.org/
See also: Congo Crisis.

Rassemblement Congolais pour la Democratie-National [RCD-National]
Site closed. In French. Rebel group whose President is Roger Lumbala. Has representatives in Uganda, France, Kinshasa. Based in Isiro, RDCongo. http://www.rcd-national.org/

Union pour la Démocratie et le Progrès social / Union for Democracy and Social Progress - UDPS
In French and English. Opposition party. President is Etienne Tshisekedi. This site is meant to be "...un lieu de ralliement des membres de l' UDPS éparpillés à travers le monde en particulier et de tous les Congolais en général" Party history, regulations, editorials, press releases, publications, news and an active forum. Site based in Kinshasa. [CA] http://www.udps.net/

Union pour la Democratie et le Progres Social / Union for Democracy and Social Progress
Opposition party whose President is Etienne Tshisekedi. Speeches, interviews, party documents. The web site was "...initiated by members of the UDPS-Ontario, with backing from Mr. M. Kadari, UDPS senior representative in Canada, Dr. Mpuila, UDPS senior representative in Belgium, Dr. D. Kimwana, UDPS senior representative in South-Africa, Mr. M. Tshibuyi and Mr. S. Kalala, UDPS Federal President and Vice President in Canada, respectively, and Mr. Kashama, President of the UDPS-Ontario." [KF] http://www.udps.org/

Union pour la Démocratie et le Progrès Social / Union for the Democracy and Social Progress
Site has closed. In French and English. The President, Frédéric KIBASSA-MALIBA, died April 2003. Has press releases, documents, a discussion forum. Based in Kinshasa. [KF] http://www.udps.info/

Union pour la République / Mouvement National, UNIR / MN
In French. Political Movement. President Frédéric Boyenga-Bofala. "Les idées exprimées dans ce site font l'objet de deux ouvrages écrits par Frédéric BOYENGA BOFALA et publiés chez PUBLISUD en juillet 2001 (Congo-Zaïre :refaire la République : mission sacrée d'une génération. ) et en janvier 2003 (Congo Zaïre Notre Cause - Le message et les ambitions d'une juste cause )." Has party structure, political agenda, program, objectives, and ideas. Peace agenda published in French, Dutch, English and Portuguese. Offices in Kinshasa, DRC and Brussels, Belgium. [CA KF] http://www.unir-mn.org

Additional Information
IDEA International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance - Election July 30, 2006
Report on key issues in the July 30 presidential and legislative elections, the first democratic elections in 45 years. Reports on DRC political parties (109 pages in PDF), SADC political parties. Women in the DRC elections, etc. http://www.idea.int/elections/drc_elections06.cfm

COTE d'IVOIRE

Congrès Panafricain des Jeunes Patriotes, COJEP / Pan-African Congress of Young Patriots
In French. Charles Ble Goude is its leader. Supports Laurent Gbagbo. Communiques, speeches, online forum, photographs. Based in Abidjan. http://www.cojep.org

Forces Nouvelles de Côte d’Ivoire
In French. Official site for the forces opposing the government of President Laurent Gbagbo. "Le Secrétariat général du MPCI est devenu le Secrétariat général des Forces Nouvelles de Côte d’Ivoire, à partir de la signature de l’alliance entre le Mouvement Patriotique de Côte d’Ivoire (MPCI), le Mouvement Populaire Ivoirien du Grand Ouest (MPIGO) et le Mouvement pour la Justice et la Paix (MJP)." Communiques, declarations, texts of accords such as Accord de Linas-Marcoussis. [KF] http://www.nouvelleci.org/

Front Populaire Ivoirien - FPI
In French. Socialist ruling party. Affi N'Guessan is party president. "... ce parti se définit comme appartenant à la 'gauche démocratique' et prend pour logo une rose qui a ses racines en Côte d’Ivoire - à l’instar du Parti Socialiste Français." Party history, structure, statutes, manifesto, activities, meetings, speeches, interviews, and an active forum. Biographies of Laurent Gbagbo, Affi N'Guessan, and Miaka Oureto. Web site based in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. [CA] http://www.fpi-ci.org/

Front Populaire Ivoirien, FPI - U.S.
In French. "Le Front Populaire Ivoirien (FPI) est un parti socialiste : il est la formation politique qui représente, en Côte d’Ivoire, le courant du socialisme démocratique. Il est membre de l’Internationale Socialiste....Crée d’abord dans la clandestinité en 1982, constitué ensuite comme parti politique en 1988, le FPI est officiellement reconnu depuis le 3 avril 1990. Il est aujourd’hui la formation politique au pouvoir en Côte d’Ivoire." Based in Plainfield, New Jersey. http://www.lefpi.org/

Mouvement Patriotique de Côte d'Ivoire, MPCI
In French. Site of the forces opposing the Government. Editorials, declarations, letters, press releases, archives, an active forum, and a readers' poll. Includes links to MPCI pages in United States, Israel, France and the United Kingdom, as well as, to French and British audiovisual broadcasting. [CA KF] http://www.mpci-online.fr.st/

Mouvement Patriotique de Cote d'Ivoire, MPCI
Site closed. Site for the forces opposing the Cote d'Ivoire government 2002-2003. Declarations, background to the struggle, discussion forum. http://www.supportmpci.org/

See also
MPCI - France
Site closed. In French. From Hope Cote D'Ivoire, Ypsilanti, Michigan. http://64.127.182.111/mpcifrance/index.htm

MPCI USA
Site closed. In French. Contains statements from Mouvement Populaire Ivoirien du Grand Ouest (MPIGO), Mouvement Patriotique de Côte d'Ivoire (MPCI), and Mouvement pour la Justice et la Paix (MJP). http://64.127.182.111/usa/index.html

Rassemblement des Republicains - RDR
In French. The RDR President is Alassane Dramane Ouattara. Communiques, photographs, biography of Alassane Ouattara, discussion forum. Site based in Gaithersburg, Maryland. [KF] http://www.rdrci.org/

DJIBOUTI

Alliance républicaine pour le développement, ARD
"L'ARD est un parti politique d'opposition fondé par l'ancien premier ministre Ahmed Dini Ahmed, décédé le 12 septembre 2004. Le parti est dirigé actuellement par Ahmed Youssouf Houmed, et édite un bulletin d'information hebdomadaire, "Réalité". http://www.ard-djibouti.org

Gouvernement en Exil de Djibouti
In French. Seeks political and economic justice. Based in Brussels, Belgium. E-mail: exildj@gouv-exil.org [KF] http://www.gouv-exil.org/

La Liberte (Paris)
In French. "Journal indépendant de tous les Djiboutiens de l'opposition." Newspaper of the opposition. Older issues only from 20 septembre 1999 to 31 mai 2001. http://www.liberte-aref.com/

Parti du Renouveau Democratique, PRD [Party for Democratic Renewal]
Opposition political party. Profiles of party leaders, party statutes, a selection of articles from their journal, Le Renouveau. Has older issues of Le Renouveau. http://www.mrd-djibouti.org/

Parti National Democratique, PND
Opposition political party. http://www.pnd-djibouti.org/

Rassemblement Populaire pour le Progrès - RPP
In French and Arabic. Ruling party. Has party structure, history, statutes, editorials, interviews, lists of elected parliamentary candidates by district, as well as sections on political, economic, women's, youth, health, water sanitation, housing, and educational issues. Has President's professional biography. Links to the presidency web site, some governmental ministries, the central bank of Djibouti, and more. Party and web site based in Djibouti. [CA] http://www.rpp.dj

Renouveau
In French. Organe d'information du PRD, the Party for Democratic Renewal. A few older issues are online from the Djibouti political party. Issues also on the PRD party web site. http://liberte-aref.com/francais/renouv.htm

Union pour la Majorité Présidentielle - UMP
In French. A coalition of four political parties including the ruling RPP. "...l’UMP regroupe quatre mouvements à savoir le Rassemblement Populaire pour le Progrès (RPP), le Front Uni pour la Démocratie (FRUD), le Parti Nationale Démocratique (PND) et le Parti Populaire Social-Démocrate (PPDS)." Has list of candidates for the January 2003 parliamentary elections, articles, speeches, and meetings, some of them in audiovisual format. Web site based in Djibouti. [CA] http://www.ump.dj/umpindex.htm

Union pour la Majorité Présidentielle - UMP - Tadjourah-ville
In French. Has the coalition's political, social, health, and educational views as well as party's meetings schedule. Has Tadjourah district candidates' photographs. Links to "arhotaba.com" an online guide to the Afars culture. Based in Tadjourah-ville, Djibouti. Web site based in France. [CA] http://membres.lycos.fr/tadjump

EQUATORIAL GUINEA

Convergencia para la Democracia Social, CPDS
In Spanish. Convergence for Social Democracy, "El partido del cambio de Guinea Ecuatorial." Opposition political party. Has issues of its newsletter, La Verdad, Órgano informativo de CPDS, press communiques. In the Dec. 2002 presidential election its candidate, along with candidates of the other main opposition parties, withdrew claiming voting was fradulent. Links to related sites. Based in Malabo, República de Guinea Ecuatorial. [KF] http://cpds-gq.org/

Partido del Progreso de Guinea Ecuatorial
In Spanish. Turn off Active X in the Internet Explorer browser before accessing this site. Otherwise you will get many pop-up ads. [Or use the Mozilla browser and block popups.] Party President is Severo Moto Nsa. Party history, commentary, election manifesto, photographs. Web site based in Barcelona, Spain. [KF] http://club.telepolis.com/ppge/

Resistencia Nacional de Guinea Ecuatorial, RENAGE
In Spanish. "La Resistencia Nacional de Guinea Ecuatorial RENA-GE, es el resultado del esfuerzo y de la voluntad expresados por nuestros pueblos para reunificar e integrar a las fuerzas políticas y sociales capaces de promover, dirigir y, en definitiva, constituir una alternativa democrática creíble en nuestro país." Its President is Daniel Mba Oyono. Documents, resolutions, political program, press releases, etc.[KF] http://www.renage.org

ERITREA

Democrasia Home Page
In Tigrinya. "News on Eritrea, historical profiles, interviews with prominent Eritreans, articles, actual situation of the Eritrean Struggle for independence, announcements. Site administered by Peoples Democratic Front for the Liberation of Eritrea (PDFLE-Sagem)." http://www.democrasia.org

Eritrean National Alliance
In Tigrinya, Arabic, English. Requires an Ethiopic font. The Alliance comprises the Eritrean Liberation Front and other organizations. On the Meskerem web site, an opposition web site. [KF] http://www.meskerem.net/eritrean_national__alliance.htm

Meskerem - "The Eritrean Political Opposition"
In Tigrinya, Arabic, English. The Eritrean National Alliance. The Alliance comprises the Eritrean Liberation Front and other organizations. News, political commentary, press releases, a discussion forum, audio of radio programs such as the Voice of Democratic Eritrea, opinion pieces (some from Awate.com), letters re political prisoners, links to Eritrean sites. [KF] http://www.meskerem.net/

People's Front for Democracy and Justice, PFDJ - Shaebia
In English, Tigrinya, Arabic. Ruling political party. News, society and culture. http://www.shaebia.org/

ETHIOPIA

All Party Conference. Opposition Political Organizations of Ethiopia
In English and Amharic. August 2003 15 Ethiopian opposition organizations formed a united front, the United Ethiopian Democratic Forces - UEDF / Ye'Ethiopia Democraciawi Hayloch Hibret. Conference objectives, activities, events, reports, discussion forum, press releases, list of participating political parties, links to Ethiopia-related sites. [CA KF] http://www.geocities.com/ethioallparty

Council of Alternative Forces for Peace and Democracy in Ethiopia, CAFPDE
In English and Amharic. Opposition Coalition of seventeen parties. "...the outcome of the Peace and Reconciliation Conference held in Addis Ababa from December 18 to 22, 1993 to seek peaceful solutions to the basic political problems of the country." Was part of the "All Party Conference of Ethiopian Opposition Political Organizations" which took place in July 2003 in Washington, D.C. Party profile, press releases, history of "CAFPDE and SEPDC Campaign in South West Ethiopia." Based in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Web site based in Silver Spring, Maryland. [CA] http://www.cafpde.org

Ethiopian Democratic Party / Ethiopians' Democratic party - EDP
In English and Amharic. Chairman is Dr Admasu Gebeyehu "party believes strongly in a peaceful and evolutionary process of bringing about political change. It condemns all manners of assumption of power through the use of force". Was part of the "All Party Conference of Ethiopian Opposition Political Organizations" which took place in July 2003 in Washington, D.C. Party program, news, interviews, statements, public meetings schedule and reports, and a chat room. Based in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Web site based in Washington D.C. [CA] http://ethiopiandemocraticparty.org and http://edp.homestead.com/Index.html/

Ethiopian Medhin Democratic Party - MEDHIN
In English and Amharic. Dr. Seyoum Gelaye is party chairman. Opposition party, supports a federal system, and "does not advocate privileges for any special or ethnic groups." Was part of the July 2003 "All Party Conference of Ethiopian Opposition Political Organizations" held in Washington, D.C. News, press releases, political program, operates Radio Medhin and publishes The Voice of Medhin. Based in Silver Spring, Maryland. Branches in Belgium, England, The Netherlands, Germany, and Sweden. Site based in Maryland. Also has a German site. [CA KF] http://www.medhin.org/

Ethiopian National Congress
Congress, held August 2003, of Ethiopian opposition political organizations with the goal of adopting a "common political platform on the future political direction" of Ethiopia. " We had pledged to stay the journey until our people become free from forced division and imposed dictatorship of the EPRDF." Produces LANDINET, an online journal, political commentary, press releases. At the Congress, 15 opposition organizations agreed to form a united front, the United Ethiopian Democratic Forces, UEDF. "The strategy of changing the regime through a free and fair election has been adopted..." Based in Washington, D.C. http://www.ethiopiannationalcongress.org/

Ethiopian Peoples' Revolutionary Party
Opposition party. Has the party profile, political program, press releases, contact addresses, etc. http://www.eprp.com/

Oromiyaa Liberation Council / Gumii Bilisummaa Oromiyaa
In English and Oromo. "...to enhance the liberation of Oromiyaa and the establishment of a free and democratic state of Oromiyaa...." "...one of the largest ethnonations in Africa with a population estimated at about 30 million people in the mid-1990s." Council's objectives, resolutions, history, articles, news, on the Oromo people's homeland, culture, language, religion, living conditions, education, cultural heritage, sports, entertainment and recreation, and major holidays. Explains the Oromo "GADAA" system of self-government, the "QAALUU" and "SIIQQEE" institutions. Based in Washington, D.C [CA KF] http://www.gumii.org/

Oromo Liberation Front
"The Oromo Liberation Front (OLF) is a political organization established in 1973 by Oromo nationalists to lead the national liberation struggle of the Oromo people against the Abyssinian colonial rule." Has press releases, a history, policy statements, etc. Web site based in Washington, D. C. http://www.oromoliberationfront.org/

United Ethiopian Democratic Forces, UEFD
In English. Coalition of several opposition parties. http://www.uedf.com/

GABON

BDP-Gabon Nouveau
In French. Political movement, government in exile. "Le thème "Bongo Doit Partir" qui caractérise notre mouvement s'articule autour de la reconnaissance primordiale que les problèmes qui se posent au Gabon et aux Gabonais aujourd'hui sont principalement le fait de Bongo et du système qu'il a mis en place dans le pays au cours des trente et une années de pouvoir qu'il y a passées." The BDP was formed Dec. 1998 in New Jersey. Publishes a newspaper, the BDPiste. Political, economic, cultural news. Articles from L'Union newspaper, le National Magazine, AFP, etc. Has discussion forums. http://www.bdpgabon.org/

Parti Democratique Gabonais - Canada
In French. Official site of the Fédération du Parti Démocratique Gabonais du Canada, Canadian branch of Gabon's ruling political party. Based in Quebec, Canada. http://www.pdg-canada.org/

Union du Peuple Gabonais, UPG
In French. Opposition political party. Its representatives are based in Europe, Africa, and the U.S. Press releases, speeches of its President, Pierre Mamboundou, its newsletter Echos du Gabon. Based in Libreville, Gabon. http://lupg.free.fr/php/index_en.php

THE GAMBIA

Alliance for Patriotic Re-orientation and Construction
Site closed. Political party of President Yahya A.J.J. Jammeh. Party manifesto, President's biography, discussion forum, children's page, government policy on issues, etc. [KF] http://jammeh2001.org/

United Democratic Party (Banjul)
Ousainou N. Darboe is the Secretary General and Party Leader. Biographies of party leaders, party's constitution, congress report, photographs. http://www.udpgambia.org/

GHANA

ElectionsWorld: Elections in Ghana - Wilfried Derksen
Summary results of the latest election in Ghana. Maintained by Wilfried Dersken. http://www.electionworld.org/ghana.htm

National Democratic Congress
Political party. News, political commentary. Its 2000 Presidential candidate was Prof. J. Ata-Mills, a former Vice-President of Ghana. The NDC is the party of former Ghana President Jerry Rawlings. http://www.ndc.org.gh/

New Patriotic Party
Ghana's governing party whose leader is John Agyekum Kufuor. "The New Patriotic Party embraces all those who believe in the living philosophy of George Paa Grant, J.B.Danquah, E.O.Obetsebi-Lamptey, E.Akuffo-Addo, William Ofori-Atta, Solomon Odamtten, K.A.Busia, S.G.Antor, J.A.Braimah, Yakubu Tali (Tolon Na), R.E.G.Armattoe and others..." Has the party manifesto, constitution, news. Based in Accra, Ghana. http://www.nppghana.org/

New Patriotic Party
"The New Patriotic Party (NPP) derives its roots from the Founding Fathers of the United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC), in the 1940’s..." Site has older information, c. 1999-2000. Includes a regional map of Ghana, links to related sites. Based in Accra, Ghana. Web site based in Far Rockaway, New York. http://www.nppinparliament.org/

GUINEA

Parti Dyama
In French. Mohamed Mansour Kaba is party president. The party's goal is to be "...un parti de progrès, un parti de bâtisseurs, un parti rassembleur dans l’objectif d’édifier en République de Guinée un État de droit moderne et démocratique qui respecte tous les droits humains et pratique la bonne gouvernance...." Interviews, press releases, editorials. Web site based in Munich, Germany. [CA] http://www.guinea-dyama.com

Rassemblement du Peuple de Guinée, RPG
In French. [Rally for the Guinean People] Opposition political party. Its President is Alpha CONDE. Party statutes, documents, history, audio clips of speeches. http://www.rpgguinee.org/

Union des Forces Républicaines, UFR
In French. Liberal party. Party president is Sidya Touré. Party intends to participate "...à l’exercice de la démocratie naissante en Guinée avec la motivation inébranlable de sauvegarder l’intérêt général,..." Party manifesto, structure, regulations, statutes, history of elections in Guinea, discussion forum, articles from Guinea newspapers, photographs. Web site based in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. [CA] http://www.ufrguinee.net/

GUINEA-Bissau

Resistência da Guiné-Bissau, RGB / Movimento Bafatá
In Portuguese. Political party founded in 1986 as Movimento Bafatá. The party was started because of the reaction to the execution of Dr. Viriato Pã, a lawyer who actively opposed the PAIGC and their practices of clandestine arrests and executions during post-independence. Because of problems within the party and with the government in power, Movimento Bafatá was forced to change it's name in 1991 to Resistência da Guiné-Bissau (RGB). Party history, objectives, profiles of party officers, facts about Guinea-Bissau. Salvador Tchongó Domingos is party president. [RR] http://www.rgb-guinebissau.org/

KENYA

Democratic Party of Kenya
"a national [opposition] political party with members drawn from all the eight provinces of Kenya." Has the party manifesto, handbook, statistics from the 1997 presidential election, member profiles, a free mailing list for news updates, photographs. It's chairman is Mwai Kibaki, M.P. Based in Nairobi. [KF] http://www.dp-kenya.org/

Election 2002 - Candidates
Balala, Najib
Najib Balala and Shariff Nassir are contesting for the Mvita Constituency. Biography of Balala, Chairman of the Kenya National Chamber of Commerce & Industry and former Mayor of Mombasa. Has articles by Balala in zip form. Site based in Mombasa. http://www.najibbalala4mvita.com

Kenyatta, Uhuru - Uhuru Kenyatta for President Forum
Comments on the candidates, parties. http://www.uhurukenyatta.com/web/forums/

Nyachae, Simeon
Presidential candidate in the December 2002 election. http://www.nyachae.org/

Institute for Education in Democracy
An NGO "to promote democracy through programmes in the electoral process, voter education, research and dissemination programmes." Has detailed 2002 election information (parliamentary seats by province, turnout by province, charts, number of registered voters by constituency, electoral law changes, a 49 page report (in Adobe pdf) on Registration of Voters in 2002). Includes a report, Political Party Organisation and Management in Kenya. An Audit. (86 pages, 1998, in Adobe pdf). Based in Nairobi, Kenya. http://www.iedafrica.org/

Kenya African National Union, KANU
Government political party. the party’s history, structure, constitution, manifesto, KANU branch directory, KANU members of parliament, election statistics, etc. http://www.kanu-Kenya.org

Kenya Elections 2002
Candidate and party profiles, election news, election laws, the Kenya Constitution (1998), links to related sites. Maintained by the Donor Information Centre for Elections in Kenya (DICE-K), funded by the Netherlands, Canada; Denmark; Sweden; Finland, and the United Kingdom. http://www.kenyaelections2002.org/home/index.asp

Kenya Socialist Democratic Alliance, KSDA
In English and Swahili. Opposition alliance. "represents an Alliance of democratic forces whose main objective is the democratic overthrow of capitalism in Kenya and it's democratic replacement with a democratic socialist political system of Government." Alliance programme, history, articles, news, speeches, interviews (audio interviews with Raila Odinga and others), and a list of "State Enterprises Listed for Privatisation in Kenya". Web site based in Stockholm, Sweden. [CA] http://www.kenyasocialist.org

Madaraka Party of Kenya
A youth focused political party, "dedicated to freedom, good governance and dignity of all Kenyans." Launched June 2005. Site owner is Gabriel Obanda. http://www.madaraka-kenya.org

National Development Party, NDP
Political party whose leader is Raila Amolo Odinga. Party manifesto, press releases. Older site from c. 1998. Web site based in Kenya. [CA] http://www.arcc.or.ke/ndp/

National Rainbow Coalition
Coalition of opposition parties headed by Mwai Kibaki who won the 2002 Presidential election. Comprised of the National Alliance Party Of Kenya (NAK) and the Liberal Democratic Party - LDP (Rainbow). Profiles of party leaders, etc. http://www.narc-kenya.org/

LIBERIA

See also Liberia Election 2005 (on the Liberia page)

Congress for Democratic Change
Political party of George Weah, 2005 Presidential candidate. "The Congress for Democratic Change was founded in 2004. Groups of Liberians met in Liberia and the USA, respectively to express their frustration about the failure of leadership in Liberia and to find a way forward after the cessation of the 14-year long civil war." Party platform, articles, news, photographs. http://www.cdcliberia.org/

Liberia Contemporees United Patriotic & Strong
" a political organization that is working to ensure a better future for all Liberians. One of our main roles is that of a facilitator. This all-inclusive organization is now serving as a pressure group exposing the misdeeds of the despotic regime in Liberia, while at the same time preparing the new generation of leaders who will transform the country into a functioning democracy." Its leader is T. Q. Harris. Press releases, speeches (print and audio), human rights abuses, older issues of their newsletter, Contemporary Voice. Has an extensive directory of Liberian organizations in the U.S. and an audio file of the national anthem. Based in Long Beach, California. [KF] http://www.republic-of-liberia.com/ or http://www.republicofliberia.com/

Liberia Unification Party - LUP- USA
Isaac F. Manneh, Sr. is the National Chairman. Counselor Charles Walker Brumskine is the party's presidential candidate for 2003. Has party manifesto, views and policies. Party based in Monrovia. Web site based in Charlotte, North Carolina. [CA] http://www.lupliberia.com

Liberians United for Reconciliation and Democracy, LURD - Sekou Damate Conneh Jr.
Conneh is National Chairman of LURD. Biography of Conneh, LURD manifesto, programs, press releases, issues & ideas, photographs. "Liberians United for Reconciliation and Democracy (LURD) has no intention of transforming itself into a political party or a permanent superstructure of governance." Hosted on the web site of US-Africa.org a Tripod/Lycos site. [KF] http://us-africa.tripod.com/sekou/ and http://www.africa-afrika.com/sekou See also the history of LURD on the Liberian Post web site.

Movement for Democratic Change in Liberia (MDCL)
"a nonprofit independent political movement dedicated to achieving nonviolent democratic change in Liberia." It is a coalition of Liberians at home and abroad." "On December 2, 2000, Liberians from around the world, supported by the Union of Liberian Associations in the Americas, met in Minnesota and established the Movement for Democratic Change in Liberia." Publishes a newsletter, MDCL Forum. Offers advocacy documents, press releases for download. Based in Minneapolis, MN. http://www.mdcl.org/

National Freedom Party of Liberia
Established 2001 "The National Freedom Party of Liberia is a grass root political party committed to the rehabilitation and democratization process in war torn Liberia." Party platform, constitution, key issues, press releases. Party Chairman, Dr. Edwin G.K. Zoedua, was also founder and president of the Liberian Social Justice Foundation, Inc. Web site based in Cincinnati, Ohio. http://www.nfpofliberia.net/

New Democratic Alternative for Liberia Movement, New DEAL Movement
"Liberia's first social democratic party." Press releases, party history, ideology, FAQ, etc. Web site based at Appalachian State University. Main office in Monrovia, Liberia. U.S. office in Willingboro New Jersey. [KF] http://newdealmovement.com

MADAGASCAR

Madagascar. Presidential Election 2001
In French. Iinformation pertaining to the 2001 presidential election. Acts, election results by province. On the site of internet service provider DTS. On the web site of internet service provider, Wanadoo (Madagascar). [KF] http://www.dts.mg/presidentielles/

Mouvement pour le Progrès de Magagascar / Mpitolona ho amin'ny Fandrosoan'i Madagasikara, MFM
In French and Malagasy. Political party founded in December 1972 by Manandafy Rakotonirina. Believes in "l'élaboration d'un Etat, d'une économie dirigée par la masse prolétarienne révolutionnaire...." Party history, manifesto, declarations, interviews, biographies, editorials, news, photographs, and the statutes and charter for the"Collectif Indépendant pour la Défense de la Démocratie à Madagascar" (C.I.D.D.M)". Based in Madagascar. Web site based in Paris, France. [CA] http://nah296.free.fr/

Ravalomanana , Marc
In Malagasy. Site of the President of Madagascar. Former Antananarivo mayor and opposition leader who declared himself president February 22, 2002 after disputing the results of the 2001 election. In response President Didier Ratsiraka declared a state of emergency. Photographs, news, documents, letters, election results, audio of speeches online; a few sections are in English. http://www.tiako-i-madagasikara.org/

MALAWI

Malawi Electoral Commission
Information on the 2004 May 20 presidential and parliamentary elections, political parties contesting the 2004 election, party manifestoes, candidates lists, number of registered voters by constituency, election results by district and constituency, reports of election observers, election complaints. Based in Blantyre, Malawi. [KF] http://www.sdnp.org.mw/~solomon/mec/

Malawi Presidential and Parliamentary Elections 1999
Directory of parties, statistics on registered voters, presidential & parliamentary candidates, presidential results by district, the cabinet. The elections were run by the Malawi Electoral Commission. Site hosted by Malawi SDNP, a UNDP funded Malawi Government Programme executed by the National Research Council of Malawi. [KF] http://www.sdnp.org.mw/elect99/index.html

National Democratic Alliance
"The National Democratic Alliance (NDA) is a pressure group that was formed on 3rd January, 2001 inorder to restore democracy in Malawi." Party constitution, aims, policies. Based in Blantyre, Malawi. http://www.geocities.com/nda_mw/

United Democratic Front
Malawi's ruling political party headed by Malawi President Bakili Muluzi. Has a history of the party, its political ideals, information on the the UDF and women, the UDF Young Democrates, people in Malawi with disabilities, photographs, videos. Based in Limbe, Malawi. http://www.udfparty.com/

MALI

Alliance pour la Démocratie au Mali - Parti Africain pour la Solidarité et la Justice, ADEMA-PASJ.
In French. Political Party. Created in 1991. Aims at "...une amélioration durable des conditions de vie de nos populations,..." Party history, structure, manifesto, documents, projects, news, women's and youth sections. Web site based in Ontario, Canada. [CA] http://www.adema-pasj.org/

Congrès National d'Initiative Démocratique - Faso Yiriwa Ton, CNID-FYT
In French. Political party headed by Mountaga Tall. Information on the May 2002 Presidential election. http://www.cnid.org.ml/

Mali. Ministère de l’Administration Territoriale et des Collectivités Locales
In French. Has a directory of political parties, the April 2002 Presidential Election, election statistics, the electoral process, decentralization, full text of the electoral law, regional government officials, borders relations, list of Christian and Muslim organizations in Mali, population statistics, another list of political parties, their leaders and addresses. http://www.matcl.gov.ml/

Parti pour la Renaissance Nationale - PARENA
In French. Political Party. President is Tiébilé Dramé. Party history, structure, regulations, president's biography, news, declarations, speeches, video clips, photographs. Party based in Bamako, Mali. [CA] http://www.parena.org.ml:8105/index.html

Rassemblement Pour le Mali, RPM
In French. Political party. President is Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta known as "IBK". Has party manifesto, statutes, structure, history, speeches, motions and resolutions, information on l'Union des Femmes du Rassemblement Pour le Mali. Party based in Bamako, Mali. Web site based in Heidelberg, Germany. [CA, KF] http://www.promali.org/rpm/

MAURITANIA

[Daddah[ Ahmed Ould Daddah.
In French and Arabic. Campaign site for Ahmed Ould Daddah "Candidat du RFD [Rassemblement des Forces Démocratiques] aux élections présidentielles du 07 novembre 2003". Biography, achievements, articles, support documents for the candidate, interviews, campaign reports. Web site based in Kowloon, Hong Kong. [CA] http://www.ahmed-ould-daddah.org

Forces de libération Africaines de Mauritanie, FLAM
In French. [Liberation Forces of Africans in Mauritania" (FLAM)]. "Les FLAM c´est l´expression de toute une communauté qui dit non au racisme et á l´esclavage des Noirs en Mauritanie." Has their manifesto, articles from their journal, Le Flambeau, a discussion forum called Flamnet, etc. [KF] http://membres.tripod.fr/flamnet/

Forum Mauritanien pour la Réforme et la Démocratie, FMRD
In Arabic and French. Islamic party. Has news, articles, declarations, interviews, press releases, editorials, and analysis. Web site based in France. [CA] http://www.isslah.net/

Front Arabo-Africain de Salut, FAAS
In French and Arabic. Exil opposition movement."Contre l'esclavage - Le racisme - Le tribalisme (Pour le respect des droits de l'homme). Mouvement d'opposition Mauritanien. Mouvement non-violent." Has articles, interviews, and the party publication, Le Refus: Le Journal de l ’Alliance des Forces de Refus. Web site base in France. http://membres.lycos.fr/faas/

See also
Le Refus. Le Journal de l ’Alliance des Forces de Refus
In French. Publication of the opposition group, FAAS, Front Arabo-Africain de Salut. Carries information on the opposition party, Action pour le Changement, AC, which was banned by the government January 2002. The AC opposes slavery. http://membres.lycos.fr/JournalRefus/

Front Populaire Mauritanien, FPM
In French. Opposition party. Its leader, Mohamed Lemine Shbih Ould Cheikh Melainine, was jailed by the government in 2001. Amnesty International issued an appeal on his behalf. [KF] http://membres.lycos.fr/frontpopulaire/

[Haidalla] Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla
In Arabic and French. Campaign site for Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla, 2003 presidential candidate for the “La Forces du Changement” party. News, articles, campaign itinerary, readers poll. Web site based in France. [CA] http://www.haidalla.net/

Mauritanie Presidentielle 2003
In French and Arabic. "Présidentielle 2003 est l’œuvre de plusieurs jeunes mauritaniens issus d’un milieu universitaire qui ont souhaité offrir aux internautes le premier espace Internet dédié à la vie politique et économique en Mauritanie." Election news, which parties are supporting President Taya. Président Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya is running for re-election in the November 7, 2003 Presidential Election. Based in Paris, France. [KF] http://www.presidentielle2003.net/

Parti Républicain Démocratique et Social, PRDS-Europe
In French. Ruling party. President is Maaouya Ould Sid’Ahmed Taya. Party manifesto, regulations, statutes, declarations, interviews, press releases, presidential campaign, articles, press conferences, economy and education reports, photographs. Information on Mauritania, its history, etc. Biography of President Taya. Web site based in Saint Ouen, France. [CA KF] http://www.e-prds.org

Rassemblement des Forces Démocratiques, RFD
In French and Arabic. Opposition party. Ahmed Ould Daddah is party president and presidential candidate for Novemeber 7, 2003 elections. Has conferences, documents, press releases, declarations, biography of Ahmed Ould Daddah. "notre parti a été créé en juillet 2001, ... à la suite de la dissolution arbitraire de l’Union des Forces Démocratiques/Ere Nouvelle (UFD/EN)." June 2003 a united front was created with APP, Front populaire, PLEJ, PUDS and the RFD. Has UFD/EN documents. [CA KF] http://www.rfd-mauritanie.org/fr/home.jhtml

Rassemblement pour le Dialogue des Nationalités Mauritaniennes, RDNN - Dekaalem Organisation
In French. Opposition party. President is Mamadou Samba Diop, known as Mourtudo Diop. Dekaalem is not "une organisation politique ou confessionnelle; elle s'inscrit dans la mouvance de la société civile. Elle est ouverte à tous les mauritaniens et non mauritaniens, sans discrimination de race, de sexe, ou de culture." Editorials, articles, official letters, declarations and a forum. Web site based in Ajaccio, France. [CA] http://www.webzinemaker.com/dekalem/

[Taya] Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya
In French. Campaign site for president Maaouya Ould Sid’Ahmed Taya, 2003 Presidential candidate of the “Parti Républicain Démocratique et Social”. Has economic, social, and infrastructure achievements, news, issues of the Newsletter, and audio files. Web site based in Mauritania. [CA] http://www.fidelite-taya.com/

[Taya] Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya
In French. Campaign site for president Maaouya Ould Sid’Ahmed Taya. 2003 Presidential candidate of the “Parti Républicain Démocratique et Social”. Candidate's program, links to related sites. Web site based in France. [CA KF] http://www.maaouya-president.com

Union des Forces de Progrès, UFP
In French. Political party. Mohamed Ould Maouloud is president. "Le 10 novembre 2002, l’UFP a annoncé son retrait du groupe parlementaire de l’opposition...." Party history, structure, activities, press releases, photographs, declarations, comments on slavery. Based in Nouakchott, Mauritania. Web site based in the U.S. [CA, KF] http://www.ufpweb.org/

el-Watan
In Arabic. Newspaper of President Maaouya Ould Sid’Ahmed Taya's ruling parti "Parti Républicain Démocratique et Social." Election campaign news, articles, speeches. Site based in Nouakchott, Mauritania. [CA] http://www.elwatan.net

MAURITIUS

Elections 2000 - Mauritius
Reports on the Sept. 11, 2000 Mauritius election. "is almost certainly one of the oldest democracies among all the countries, which, like it, belong to the Southern African Development Community (SADC) and the Organization of African Unity (OAU). It has had a legislative council with elected members since 1885, long before it achieved independence in 1968..." Elections 2000 is from the Southern African Research & Documentation Centre. http://www.sardc.net/sd/elections2000/mauritius/

Mauritius Labour Party (Port Louis)
Mauritius political party founded in 1936. Is a member of the Socialist International. http://labour.intnet.mu/mlp/mlpfr.htm

Mouvement Militant Mauricien, MMM - Youth Wing
Political party's youth wing. Has lists of the party's parliamentary members, of Youth Wing executive members, events, articles and speeches. Maintained by Dewandranath Kissoondoyal. Based in Nouvelle France, Mauritius. [CA / KF] http://www.berenger.info/ or http://www.mmmonline.org or http://www.mmmonline.info

Mouvement Republicain
In French and English. Opposition and Green party."Le Mouvement Républicain est une organisation militante qui se situe dans la grande famille de gauche généreuse, humaniste et non-conformiste". Rama Valayden is the leader. Has party manifesto, code of conduct, structure. Party based in Rose Hill, Mauritius. [CA] http://www.mouvementrepublicain.com/

Mouvement Rodriguais
In English and French. Political Party promoting the development of Rodrigues Island. ."...aims at bringing changes in the country by privileging a cut with the old conservative ideas which have produced the results that we know today in terms of economic stagnation, unemployment, pollution lack of adequate public infrastructure, lack of water, low level of education of the populatiion etc...." Has party history, structure and photographs. Based in Ile Rodrigues, Mauritius. Web site based Provo, Utah.[CA] http://balder.prohosting.com/mrod/

Mouvement Socialiste Militant, MSM
In English and French. Political party. Founded in 1983 by Sir Anerood Jugnauth. New leader is Pravind Kumar Jugnauth, Minister of Agriculture, Food Technology and Natural Resources. Party history, manifesto, structure, press releases, calendar of events, leaders' biographies, photographs. Based in Mauritius. [CA] http://www.msmsun.com

MOZAMBIQUE

Carter Center - Observing the 1999 Elections in Mozambique. Final Report
Full text. Published 2000. 36 pages. In Adobe pdf. http://www.cartercenter.org/documents/280.pdf

Election 1999 - Mozambique Peace Process Bulletin
Election special from the AWEPA Bulletin published by AWEPA, the European Parliamentarians for Southern Africa. http://www.mozambique.mz/awepa/eextra23.htm

Eleicoes Gerais 1999
In Portuguese. News, election results from the 1999 presidential and legislative elections. From the Centro de Informática da Universidade Eduardo Mondlane web site on Mozambique. http://www.mozambique.mz/governo/eleicoes/index.htm

FRELIMO, Frente de Libertação de Mocambique
In Portuguese. Government's political party. Biography of Armando Emílio Guebuza, Presidential candidate for 2004, a report on the 8th Congress, results of the 1999 Presidential Election by Province, results of the 1999 legislative election by party / province, FRELIMO members of Parliament. [KF] http://www.frelimo.org.mz/

RENAMO, Resistencia Nacional Mocambicana
In Portuguese. Political party whose President is Afonso Macacho Marceta Dhlakama. Has party documents. Based in Maputo. http://www.sadirectory.co.za/renamo/

NAMIBIA

Caprivi African National Union of the Free State of Caprivi Strip
"CANU is dedicated to mobilizing, organizing, educating and training the citizens of the Free State of Caprivi Strip/Itenge in the cause of self-determination and independence." Issues of its newsletter, CANU Today, press releases, history, constitution, Itengese History, Declaration of Independence, "How To Master Secret Work: A Pamphlet for CANU Underground Operatives,"Convention resolutions, national flag. Based in Thornhill, Ontario, Canada. [KF] http://www.caprivistrip-itenge.org/

Congress of Democrats
"The CoD was founded on 23rd March 1999. Its main aim is the defense, maintenance, advancement and strengthening of the ideals and principles of a vibrant and functional multi-party democracy in the Namibian society and Africa at large." Press releases, political commentary, party constitution. Based in Windhoek, Namibia. [KF] http://www.cod.org.na/

Hunter, Justine - Spot the Difference. Namibias Political Parties Compared
Full text. Pub. 2005. 77 pages in PDF. Published by the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung , Windhoek, Namibia. http://www.kas.de/proj/home/pub/8/1/year-2005/dokument_id-7943/index.html

NIGERIA

See also: Election 2003 and Election 1999

All Nigeria Peoples Party, ANPP USA, Inc. - Buhari / Okadigbo Campaign Organization
Candidate biographies, program, press releases, articles (several by Mohammed Bello Shehu, Coordinator, Buhari / Okadigbo Campaign Organization (BOCA). From the ANPP USA Buhari Okadigbo Organization based in Brooklyn, New York. [KF] http://www.anppusa.org/

All Progressive Grand Alliance. APGA Women
Supports the All Progressives Grand Alliance (APGA) political party. Information on the APGA presidential candidate, Chief Chukwuemeka Odumegwu-Ojukwu. Based in Kennesaw, Georgia. http://www.apgawomen.org/

All Progressive Grand Alliance Foundation
Its 2003 Presidential candidate is Chief Emeka Odumegwu-Ojukwu. Based in East Orange, New Jersey. http://www.apgafoundation.org/

Alliance for Democracy
The National Chairman is Alhaji Adamu Ahmed Abdulkadir. Based in Abuja, Nigeria. http://www.afrikontakt.com/alliance/

Alliance for Democracy (U.K.)
Political party. Site for the Alliance For Democracy (UK), London. http://afenifere.virtualave.net/

Democratic Socialist Movement
"An independent mass working people's political party with a socialist programme to provide an alternative to the existing capitalist parties." In the 2003 election, supports the National Conscience Party (NCP) "led by the lawyer and fighter for human rights, Chief Gani Fawehinmi, who is also the party's presidential candidate." Supports workers' rights. Based in Lagos, Nigeria. Web site based in London, U.K. http://www.socialistnigeria.org/

National Conscience Party
Its 2003 Presidential candidate is Chief Gani Fawehinmi and Vice Presidential candidate is Mr. Jerry Gopye. Party platform, party constitution, party gubernatorial candidates. The National Conscience Party was formed [by Gani Fawehinmi] and "publicly launched as a political party on the 1st of October 1994. It was formed as an act of defiance against the then military junta of General Sani Abacha." Web site registered in Gwagwalada, Abuja, and copyrighted by the NCP, United States Headquarters, Washington, D.C. Party based in Abuja, Nigeria. [KF] http://www.nigeriancp.net/

National Democratic Party
Official site. Party constitution, its 2003 Presidential candidate was Ike Omar Sanda Nwachukwu, photographs of party officials. Site based in Marietta, Georgia. http://www.ndpnigeria.com/

New Democrats
Party constitution, manifesto, photographs. Its National Chairman is Professor Isa Odidi. "New Democrats (ND) was officially founded in April 26th, 2002, registered in December 2002 by Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) as a Political Party in Nigeria." It was founded by "A group of Nigerian professionals, business and industrial moguls living abroad and in Nigeria." http://www.ndnigeria.com/

Peoples Democratic Party
Site for the Foreign Chapters of the PDP. [Added Aug. 2003] http://www.geocities.com/pdpimostatecitizens/

Peoples Mandate Party
Its 2003 Presidential candidate is Dr. Arthur A. Nwankwo. Party manifesto, constitution, photographs. Based in Enugu, Nigeria. Site does not work in older Netscape browsers. Based in Bowie, Maryland. [KF] http://www.peoplesmandateparty.org/

Leftist Parties of the World - Nigeria
Leftist Parties of the World, a site maintained by Nico Biver, has an Africa section, which lists Nigerian leftist parties. Broadleft.org is based in Melbourne, Australia. http://www.broadleft.org/ng.htm

RWANDA

Amahoro People's Congress
In French, English, and Kinyarwanda. Formerly Arena-Isangano. "AMAHORO People's Congress is a Political Party formed in response to the failures of the political system presently in Rwanda." Is opposed to the Paul Kagame government. Its President is Alexandre Kimenyi. [KF] http://www.newrwanda.org/

Forces Démocratiques de Libération du Rwanda, FDLR
In French and Kinyarwanda. Democratic Liberation Forces of Rwanda. "Forces Démocratiques de Libération du Rwanda -FDLR- sont les Rwandais décidés à défendre leur Patrie et le peuple menacé d’extermination par un régime tyrannique, oligarchique, impopulaire, sanguinaire, usurpateur et belliciste du FPR qui se maintient par le mensonge et la terreur." Military organization, partly composed of Hutu forces which left Rwanda after the 1994 genocide. Press communiques, documents, links to related sites. [KF] http://mitglied.lycos.de/FDLR/

Mouvement Démocratique Républicain
In French and Kinyarwanda. Rwanda political party. Its President Founder was Grégoire Kayibanda (1920-1976) who was also Rwanda's first President. Short news articles, an audio file of the national anthem and other songs, party history, history of Rwanda, a map showing the prefectures. [KF] http://www.mdrw.org/

April 2003 the Rwanda Parliament disbanded the MDR - (AFP 15/04/2003) KIGALI - "Le Parlement rwandais a recommandé dans la nuit de lundi à mardi la dissolution du principal parti hutu, le Mouvement démocratique républicain (MDR), en raison de sa présumée "idéologie +divisionniste+", a indiqué mardi la radio nationale rwandaise."

Ralliement pour l'Unité et la Démocratie / Rally for Unity and Democracy (RUD-Urunana)
"a Politico-Military Party opposed to the Paul Kagame government. Its President is Professor Jean Marie Vianney Higiro and the Secretary General is Dr. Felicien Kanyamibwa, both residing in USA. The spokesperson is Dr. Augustine Dukuze who is in Canada. The fighters and military commanders are based in and around Rwanda. It has recently allied itself with a new politico-military party, the Rally for the Rwandan People (RPR) formed by former Rwandan Patrioric Army officers and based inside Rwanda. RPR spokesperson is Commander David Sano." http://www.rud-Urunana.org

Rassemblement pour le Retour des Refugies et la Democratie au Rwanda /
Rally for the Return of Refugees and Democracy in Rwanda, RDR
In French and English. "Le RDR réaffirme sa condamnation du génocide commis contre les Tutsi. Il renouvelle sa condamnation du génocide, toujours en cours, contre les Hutu." "The RDR reiterates its appeal to the International Community - to strongly condemn the Hutu genocide being carried out by the RPF regime." The RDR President is François Nzabahimana. Branch based in Belgium. [KF] http://www.rdrwanda.org/

Rassemblement pour le Retour des Réfugiés et la Démocratie au Rwanda (RDR)
In German and French. "Die RDR ist eine politische Organisation, die sich für eine pluralistische Demokratie und für die strenge Beachtung der Grundrechte in Ruanda einsetzt." Has issues online of their bulletin, Forum Rwandaise. Office in the Netherlands. Branch based in Bonn, Germany. [KF] http://members.tripod.de/RDR/

Réseau Documentaire International sur la Région des Grands Lacs Africains - Rwanda Political Parties
In French. Full text documents from Rwanda's political parties. (Also includes Burundi parties). Based in Geneva, Switzerland. [KF] http://www.grandslacs.net/html/doctmfr/political.html

Union des Forces Démocratiques Rwandaises, UFDR / Union of Rwandese Democratic Forces
Site is closed. In English, French, Kinyarwanda. Members of the UFDR include the Rassemblement pour le Retour des Réfugiés et la Démocratie au Rwanda, Rally for the Return of Refugees and Democracy in Rwanda, RDR. Press releases , political program. Web site based in Brussels, Belgium. [KF] http://www.ufdr.org

SENEGAL

Alliance des Forces de Progres (Dakar)
In French. Political party whose Secrétaire Général Moustapha Niasse is also Senegal's Prime Minister. Has speeches, interviews, party bylaws, biography of Niasse (also in English), articles from Sud Quotidien, photographs, etc. http://www.afp-senegal.org/

And Jëf / PADS. Parti africain pour la democratie et le socialisme
In French. Senegal political party whose leader is Landing Savane. Has election statistics, party documents, a discussion forum, chat room, etc. http://www.ajpads.org/

Parti de l' Indépendance et du Travail, PIT
In French. Opposition political party. Biography of the Secretary-General, Amath Dansokho, party declarations, press communiques, reports. [KF] http://www.pit-senegal.com/

Parti Démocratique Sénégalais
In French. Political party founded by Abdoulaye Wade in 1974, who ran for President four times before winning the Presidency March 2000. Party history, photographs, party directory, articles, etc. http://www.sopionline.com/

Parti Socialiste du Senegal
In French. Was the ruling political party in Senegal whose President was Abdou Diouf. Diouf was defeated by Abdoulaye Wade in the March 2000 presidential election. http://www.telecomplus.sn/ps/

Senegal. Ministere de l'Interieur
In French. Information on the Feb. 2000 presidential election. Has Le Code electoral, a directory of political parties, statistics on voters, etc. http://www.mint.sn/

SEYCHELLES

Electoral Institute of Southern Africa - Seychelles
Seychelles Historical and Social Overview, Electoral Commission, 2001 Presidential Election. The Institute's goals are "the promotion of electoral policies and practices that will produce free and fair elections, and secondly the development of programmes which encourage a civic environment conducive to democratic elections..." Based in Johannesburg. http://www.eisa.org.za/WEP/seychelles.htm

Seychelles National Party
In English and Creole. Political Party. Intends to "...begin a peaceful change of government through a new National Assembly in which the SNP will have a majority." Has "Proposals for Macro-Economic Review", party history, candidates' photographs, and the party newsletter, Vizyon.Web site based in Victoria, Seychelles. [CA] http://www.seychelles.net/snp/

Seychelles People's United Party
Publishes a print newspaper, The People (Victoria, Seychelles). In English and Creole. Based in Victoria, Seychelles. [KF] http://www.thepeople.sc/index800.html

SIERRA LEONE

All People's Congress. North America Branch
Political party. Based in Sierra Leone with branches in Sierra Leone and the U.S.. Founded "... as a response to the concentration of political power in the hands of a single ethnic group..." "... has ruled the country for 24 out of 40 years of its' independence from Great Britain". Party history, views, postal addresses. Ernest Bai Koroma was the APC party's Presidential candidate for the May 2002 election. For additional information on the APC, see Peter Andersen's Sierra Leone Web. Site hosted on Homestead.com based in Menlo Park, California.[CA, KF] http://apc.homestead.com/

European Union. Sierra Leone Presidential and Parliamentary Elections, 14 May 2002. European Union Election Observation Mission. Final Report.
Full text report in Adobe pdf. http://europa.eu.int/comm/external_relations/human_rights/eu_election_ass_observ/sleone/rep02.pdf

Sierra Leone People's Party
Political party whose leader is Ahmad Tejan Kabbah, President of Sierra Leone. Party history, press releases, photographs, party constitution, Site created by the Party's branch offices in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia) & London. [KF] http://www.slpp.ws/

Sierra Leone Web. Information Relating to the May 2002 Elections in Sierra Leone
Information about the elections process, political parties and presidential candidates. Has electoral laws, text of political parties' manifestos, photos, press releases and statements. Maintained by Peter Andersen. [CA] http://www.sierra-leone.org/documents-elections.html

Young People's Party
Its 2002 Presidential candidate is Andrew Dramani Turay, Consultant Agriculturist to the World Bank/IDA. [KF] http://www.yppsl.org/

SOMALIA / SOMALILAND / PUNTLAND

Kulmiye Party [Solidarity Party]
In Somali and English. Main opposition party in Somaliland. Its candidate in the April 2003 Presidential election, Ahmed Mohamed Silanyo, came in second. Biography of Silanyo. Based in Hargeisa, Somaliland. [KF] http://www.kulmiye.com/

UCID Party / Justice and Welfare Party of Somaliland
In Somali. Its candidate, Faisal Ali Warabe, came in third in the first Somaliland Presidential election held April 2003. Has audio files. [KF] http://www.ucidparty.com/

UDUB, URURKA DIMUQRAADIGA UMMADDA BAHAWDAY / Unity of Democrats
In Somali, some articles in English. Political party. In the April 2003 first Somaliland Presidential election, it's candidate, Dahir Riyale Kahin, won the Presidency. [KF] http://www.xisbiga-udub.com/

SOUTH AFRICA

South African Political Parties
Annotated directory of South African political parties. From the Stanford University Libraries. http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/\southafrica\rsapolpart.html

SUDAN

Arab Baath Socialist Party (Sudan)
In Arabic. Political party. Part of the the National Democratic Alliance. The site includes part of the party's history and archives as well as editorials, interviews, declarations.[CA] http://sudanbaath.20m.com/
See also -
al-Hadaf (Khartoum)
In Arabic. Online version of Arab Baath Socialist Party newspaper published monthly in Khartoum. Web site based in Switzerland. http://www.elhadaf.net/

Communist Party of Sudan
In Arabic and English. Press releases, position documents, their Information Bulletin, links to related sites. [KF] Site based in the U.K. http://www.midan.net/

Democratic Unionist Party
In Arabic and English. Along with a Short biography of Ismail Al-Azhari "Prime minister (1954 - 1956)" and the history of some political parties, a copy of 'The Sudanese peace initiative 1988" signed by John Garang and Osman el-Mirghani is provided. Provides text and translation of Koranic sections as well as links to various Sudanese periodicals. Website based in the San Leandro, California.[CA] http://www.dupusa.com/

Justice and Equality Movement
In English, Arabic, German, French. Site for one of the Darfur rebel organizations. Background on the Darfur rebellion. A translation in English of The Black Book: Imbalance of Power and Wealth in the Sudan. In the Black Book, "Using statistics, the authors claim that Sudan is controlled by only one Region (Northern Region) with just over 5% of Sudan’s population. Within this hegemonic Region, power is monopolised by only three ethnic groups. The Book then gave detailed statistics about the hegemony of the Northern Region over the whole the county." Article - Counter-Insurgency on the Cheap, by Alex de Waal. http://www.sudanjem.com/

National Alliance for the Restoration of Democracy in Sudan, NARD
"a group of individuals who strive to encourage human rights in Sudan." Not much content as of 5-2003. See also information on Democratic Forces Front, GAD "a transliteration of the word 'serious' in Arabic--stands for a joint force of southerners and northerners in Sudan fighting for democracy and human rights." On the web site of DC Registry which offers free web pages to Washington D.C. individuals/organizations. [KF] http://dcregistry.com/homepages/NARD.html

National Democratic Alliance, NDA
In Arabic and English. A coalition of opposition parties with headquarters in Asmara, Eritrea. Osman el-Mirghani is Chair of the NDA and leader of the DUP [Democratic Unionst Party]. Includes party charter, structure, press releases, speeches, resolutions, declarations, and an active chat room.[CA] http://www.ndasudan.org

Nile Valley Congress
In Arabic and English. Political party founded by Lt-Gen (Retd) Umar Zarruq. Seeks Unity with Egypt "...“Ability” and “Danger” are the two key points in the equation of national security in Sudan and Egypt. It is important to identify the common, and sometimes contradicting, sites of “ability” and “danger” in the two states. Providing a common understanding of these two key points is a major step in the unification / integration of Sudan and Egypt....". Site includes party manifesto, structure and links to major Arabic periodicals and news agencies. [CA] http://www.nilevalleysd.com/

South Sudan Liberation Mouvement, SSLM
In English. "The South Sudan Liberation Movement (SSLM) formed in January 2000, in Upper Nile Region of South Sudan, to restore unity and democratic civic order among a people that have been devastated by lawlessness, overlooked by the outside world since 1991, and politically neutralized,..." Includes party manifesto, structure, declarations, press releases. http://www.geocities.com/sslm4peace/

Sudan Liberation Movement and the Sudan Liberation Army, SLM/A
In Arabic and English. "The objective of SLM/A is to create a united democratic Sudan on a new basis of equality, complete restructuring and devolution of power, even development, cultural and political pluralism and moral and material prosperity for all Sudanese." Political declaration, press statements Based in Darfur. Web site registerd in the Tokelau domain by DotTK, a joint venture of the Government of Tokelau, it's communication company Teletok and Taloha, Inc., a privately held company. [KF] http://www.slma.tk

Sudan National Alliance & Sudan Alliance Forces
In Arabic and English."SAF is a democratic resistance organization dedicated to: *Overthrowing the Islamic fundamentalist dictatorship in Sudan. *Replacing it with a functioning democracy." Formed in August 1994. "SAF believes that two Sudan at peace is better than one Sudan at war with itself, and SAF supports the right of the southern Sudanese to self-determination." News, articles. Site based in Poland. [KF] http://www.safsudan.com/

Sudan National Alliance - Sudan Alliance Forces - Office in Poland
In English. Has party and Poland office history, summary of problems in Sudan and request for humanitarian help. "The National Democratic Alliance-NDA- is the umbrella group of all the major Sudanese opposition organizations, and SAF was one of the original four members (with DUP, Umma Party and SPLA)." Based in Poland. [CA] http://saf_pl.tripod.com/

Sudan People's Democratic Front/ Sudan People's Liberation Movement, SPDF/SPLM/A
Dr. Riek Machar is Chairman and Commander-in-Chief. Has documents, press releases, the constitution, conference reports, official declarations, position papers, resolutions, issues of their newsletter, Southern Sudan Vision (in Adobe pdf), photographs, etc. [CA + KF] http://www.usinternet.com/users/helpssudan

Sudan People`s Liberation Movement / Army, SPLM/A - SPLM Today
Official site. Its Chairman was the late John Garang. News, speeches, historical background, Declaration on the Final Peace Phase, various protocols and agreements, the Machakos protocol, photographs, etc. http://www.splmtoday.com/

Umma Party
In Arabic and English. Has their manifesto, press releases, interviews, a who's who, speeches, conference communiques, publications, etc. Headquarters are in Asmara, Eritrea.[CA] http://www.umma.org/

Umma Party (in Dallas)
In Arabic. Has party history, manifesto, articles. Gives contact name and phone number in Irving, Texas. Links to a number of Sudanese and Arab periodicals and news agencies. [CA] http://www.ummapartydallas.com

TANZANIA

Chama Cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo, CHADEMA
In Swhaili. Opposition political party. http://www.chadema.net/

Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) [Revolutionary Party]
In Swahili. Governing party of Tanzania. Successor of the Tanganyika African National Union, TANU, which united with the Zanzibar Afro-Shirazi Party in the 1960s. In Feb. 1977 the two parties became the CCM. [KF] http://www.ccmtz.org/

Civic United Front, Chama cha Wananchi, CUF
In English and Swahili. Tanzanian political party whose Chairman is Prof. Ibrahim Lipumba. Shaaban Khamis Mloo and Seif Shariff Hamad are Vice Chairman and Secretary General respectively. Based in Zanzibar with a Head Office in Dar es Salaam. Has extensive reports (Article 19 in London, etc.) appeals / reports re the Zanzibar "treason" trial, election 2000 reports, etc. [KF] http://www.cuftz.org

TOGO

Bâtir le Togo
In French. Political Movement. President Me Jean Yaovi Degli. Created in 1990 when "...cette grande espérance de la naissance d'un Etat de droit au Togo fut vite déçue à la suite d'une transition démocratique transformée en désastre sur les plans économique, social, politique, des droits de l'homme et des libertés. Cette situation a fait prendre conscience à bon nombre de Togolais et d'Africains qu'ils devront se prendre en charge, s'éduquer et œuvrer avec ardeur pour le développement de leur pays et du continent africain." Site has movement structure, declarations, interviews, articles, news, a human rights section. Web site based in the New York city. Organization based in Paris. [CA] http://www.batirletogo.org

Convention Démocratique des Peuples Africain
In French. Opposition Party. The party's goal is to "restituer le pouvoir d'Etat au peuple togolais ; condition sine qua non d'un régime démocratique et donc d'une gestion plus responsable des ressources nationales." Has party charter, party structure, articles and news. Website based in Villeneuve d Ascq, France.[CA] http://www.cdpatogo.com/

Convention Démocratique des Peuples Africains – Branche Togolaise
In French, German. Opposition party. The party seeks "La fin du pouvoir autocratique par le départ d'Eyadéma et la fin du système politique par lequel il a dominé le pays sans partage pendant plus de 32 ans." Communiques, party principles. The party was created in 1989 in France. Based in Lome. Web site based in Essen, Germany. [KF] http://www.cdpa-bt.org

Diaspora Togolaise Pour la Democratie
In French and English. Site of the Togolese Diaspora for Democracy (Diastode), based in Canada. "In 1993, some Togolese living outside of their native land, initiated the creation of a Network to mobilize compatriots of the Diaspora and support the internal democratic movement." Current news from PANA, Reuters, Amnesty, etc., news of Togo-related human rights activities. Has the full text of the book, "Democratisation a la togolaise" (Paris: Harmattan, 1998). The book has a chronologie (15th c. to aout 1998) and a bibliographie. [KF] http://www.diastode.org/

iciLome [Election News]
In French. News, statements from civil society organizations, diaspora organizations, news excerpts from the Togo press, discussion forums, information on the June 2003 Presidential election. Site based in Montreal, Canada. http://www.icilome.com/

Parti pour la Démocratie et le Renouveau, PDR
In French. The Democratic Party for Renewal is an opposition political party. "Le PDR est d'obédience sociale-démocrate et s'organise pour adhérer à l'Internationale Socialiste." Party history, articles, communiques, related sites. The Party leader is Zarifou Ayeva. Web site based in Hainaut, Belgium. Party based in Lomé. [KF] http://www.pdr-togo.org/

Rassemblement du Peuple Togolais, RPT
In French. Ruling political party. Party history, party hymn, party flag, program, statutes, reports, had speeches of Président Gnassingbe Eyadéma who died February 5, 2005. His son, Faure Gnassingbe, was made President. [KF] http://www.rpt-13togo.com/

Union des Forces de Changement
In French. The UFC is opposed to the present Togo government. Its President is Gilchrist Olympio. Has the party platform, press releases, memoranda, statuts, a chronology to 1963, the national anthem, biography of Gilchrist Olympio. Based in Paris, France. [KF] http://www.ufctogo.com/

UGANDA

Democratic Party, DP
Opposition party. The party urges the people of Uganda to "... use the opportunity provided by the forthcoming elections to elect a leadership that will chart a new course to promote genuine democracy." Party manifesto, history, structure, reports, events, photographs. Web site based in Parramatta, NSW, Australia. [CA] http://www.dpuganda.org/

Forum for Democratic Change
Uganda opposition party whose leader is Col. Kiiza Besigye. Besigye is a presidential candidate for the 2006 election. Part Constitution, Platform, Policies, press releases, photographs. Based in Kampala. [KF] http://www.fdcuganda.org/

Justice Forum of Uganda, Jeema
JEEMA stands for Justice Education Economy Morality African unity. Its President is Muhammad Kibirige Mayanja. Press releases, organization history. Based in Kampala. [KF] http://www.jeemaforum.org/

National Resistance Movement
The governing political party in Uganda headed by Uganda President Yoweri Museveni. Party Constitution, manifesto, news, photographs, links to related sites. [KF] http://www.nrm.ug/

National Resistance Movement Organization - U.S.A.
NRM-O USA is a site for the U.S. diaspora supporting Uganda's government political party headed by Uganda President Yoweri Museveni. Has the full text of many of President Museveni's speeches (229 pages in PDF). [KF] http://www.nrmousa.org/

Uganda Peoples Congress
Opposition political party. Party of Uganda's first President, A. MiIton Obote. Party constitution, resolutions, speeches, statements, messages from Obote, speeches of Miria Obote, history of the UPC, photographs of traditional dance. Site based in Scarborough, Canada. [KF] http://www.upcparty.net/

WESTERN SAHARA

ARSO, Association pour un referendum libre et regulier au sahara occidental. Association for a Free and Fair Referendum in Western Sahara
ARSO is an NGO in Switzerland concerned with the decolonization of Western Sahara (former Spanish Sahara), the UN referendum, human rights violations, Saharawi refugees in Algeria, etc. Contact: E. Martinoli - arso@hei.unige.ch
http://www.arso.org/index.htm

ZAMBIA

Electoral Commission of Zambia
Has a political parties directory, the results of the 1991 and 1996 presidential elections, the 1998 local government elections, the 1991and 1996 parliamentary elections, text of election related Acts, members of Parliament announcements. Pages may take a while to load. http://www.electcom.org.zm

Forum for Democracy and Development, FDD
Opposition party. Its leader is Edith Nawakwi. Its candidate for the November 2001 Presidential election was Lieutenant-Generall Christon Tembo, a former vice president of Zambia. [Biographical information on Tembo is on the personal web site of Maidstone Mulenga. http://www.geocities.com/maiddie/temboc.html]

Patriotic Front
Official web site. Opposition political party, begun 2001. It's President is Michael Sata. "Once in power the PF-led government intends to restore the dignity of Zambia and its people by addressing current problems with practical no-nonsense solutions." Party history and background. Based in Lusaka, Zambia. http://www.pf-zambia.com

United Party for National Development, UPND
Opposition party whose founder and president is Anderson K Mazoka. Party manifesto, press releases, etc. Web site based in London. Based in Lusaka. [KF] http://www.upnd.org

Zambia. State House. Political Parties
List of registered political parties as of January 2002. Date of registration, president / founder, address. http://www.statehouse.gov.zm/politicalparties.html

ZIMBABWE

Forum Party of Zimbabwe
Opposition party. Party history and older press releases (1997-1998). Party based in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. Site based in the U.K. http://www.demon.co.uk/myhtml/forum/forum3.html

Movement for Democratic Change, MDC
The main opposition party. Its President is Morgan Tsvangirai, former Secretary General of the Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions. Has news, the party manifesto, policy papers, profiles of leaders. One can join their e-mail list. http://www.mdczimbabwe.org/

Zimbabwe African National Union, ZANU-PF
The government's political party. History, press releases, politburo members, land resettlement, cabinet ministers, etc. http://www.zanupfpub.co.zw/

Zimbabwe Election Support Network (Harare)
Has complete election results by constituency for the March 2002 Presidential election, the 2001 Bulawayo mayoral election, other elections from 1979-2000. "a coalition of thirty-eight non-governmental organisations formed to co-ordinate activities pertaining to elections. The major focus of the Network is to promote democratic processes in general and free and fair elections in particular." Has an Election Reporting Guide. SADC Parliamentary Forum Electoral Recommendations, voting posters, cartoons, Papers and Articles, Statements. It plans to have full text reports. [KF] http://www.zesn.org.zw/